Restored Government of Virginia: Union Loyalty in Civil War

In the tumultuous spring of 1861, as the United States grappled with the secession crisis, Virginia faced a division within its borders. Unionists, fervently loyal to the U.S., gathered in Wheeling to forge a new path. Their efforts coalesced into the formation of the Restored Government of Virginia under the leadership of Governor Francis H. Pierpont. This pivotal moment marked the establishment of a government that would play a crucial role in the unfolding narrative of the Civil War.

Governor Pierpont and his supporters not only declared allegiance to the Union but took practical steps to assert their legitimacy. The government sent representatives to the U.S. Congress, signaling its commitment to maintaining ties with the federal government. Federal troops were also raised under its banner, contributing to the broader Union war effort. As the Restored Government began to solidify its presence, it moved its operations to Alexandria in August 1863, setting the stage for its role in shaping the future of Virginia.

The Evolution of the Restored Government

The headquarters of the Restored Government initially found a home at the City Hotel, also known as Gadsby’s Tavern, before relocating to 415 Prince St. This transitional phase saw the General Assembly representing regions such as Northern Virginia, the Eastern Shore, and Hampton Roads convene at City Hall. One of the significant milestones during this period was the authorization of a convention that ultimately adopted the Virginia Constitution of 1864.

This constitution, a document of profound significance, went beyond merely affirming loyalty to the Union. It abolished slavery and ushered in other progressive reforms, reflecting the changing tide of societal values. The Restored Government’s commitment to these principles endured as it moved its seat to Richmond in May 1865. The constitution it championed remained in effect until 1869, leaving an indelible mark on the post-war landscape of Virginia. The journey from Wheeling to Richmond encapsulates the resilient spirit of the Restored Government and its pivotal role in shaping the destiny of Virginia during a pivotal period in American history